minimum level subsistence

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• Subsistence theory of wages — The Subsistence Theory of Wages, also known as the Iron Law of Wages, was a law of economics that asserted that real wages in the long run would trend toward the value needed to keep the workers population constant. The alleged law was named and… …   Wikipedia

• List of minimum wages by country — The list below gives the official minimum wage rates in 197 countries and territories: 192 United Nations member states (does not include South Sudan, which gained independence in July 2011), plus the Republic of China (Taiwan), Northern Cyprus,… …   Wikipedia

• Critical minimum effort theory — The critical minimum effort theory has been given by Harvey Leibenstein, in his book Economic Backwardness and Economic Growth. This theory relates to overpopulated and underdeveloped or developing nations such as India and Indonesia.This theory… …   Wikipedia

• economic development — Process whereby simple, low income national economies are transformed into modern industrial economies. Theories of economic development the evolution of poor countries dependent on agriculture or resource extraction into prosperous countries… …   Universalium

• Economic Affairs — ▪ 2006 Introduction In 2005 rising U.S. deficits, tight monetary policies, and higher oil prices triggered by hurricane damage in the Gulf of Mexico were moderating influences on the world economy and on U.S. stock markets, but some other… …   Universalium

• Agriculture and Food Supplies — ▪ 2007 Introduction Bird flu reached Europe and Africa, and concerns over BSE continued to disrupt trade in beef. An international vault for seeds was under construction on an Arctic island. Stocks of important food fish species were reported… …   Universalium

• cañada — /keuhn yah deuh, yad euh/, n. Chiefly Western U.S. 1. a dry riverbed. 2. a small, deep canyon. [1840 50; < Sp, equiv. to cañ(a) CANE + ada n. suffix] * * * Canada Introduction Canada Background: A land of vast distances and rich natural resources …   Universalium

• Canada — /kan euh deuh/, n. a nation in N North America: a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. 29,123,194; 3,690,410 sq. mi. (9,558,160 sq. km). Cap.: Ottawa. * * * Canada Introduction Canada Background: A land of vast distances and rich natural… …   Universalium

• Germany — /jerr meuh nee/, n. a republic in central Europe: after World War II divided into four zones, British, French, U.S., and Soviet, and in 1949 into East Germany and West Germany; East and West Germany were reunited in 1990. 84,068,216; 137,852 sq.… …   Universalium

• income tax — a tax levied on incomes, esp. an annual government tax on personal incomes. [1790 1800] * * * Levy imposed by public authority on the incomes of persons or corporations within its jurisdiction. In nations with an advanced system of private… …   Universalium

• Basic needs — The basic needs approach is one of the major approaches to the measurement of absolute poverty. It attempts to define the absolute minimum resources necessary for long term physical well being, usually in terms of consumption goods. The poverty… …   Wikipedia